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Modeling Electrochemistry, the Orange Battery Example Building on this research, he eventually came up with what we call Volta’s Law of the electrochemical series, and later in the 1800s, the first battery. Intrigued by this, another Italian physicist, Alessandro Volta, ran his own experiments and concluded that the frog’s leg was simultaneously a conductor and a detector of electricity.
#Comsol 5.1 tutorial series
Galvani and the Frog Spawned the First Batteryįun fact: an Italian physicist, Luigi Galvani, discovered “animal electricity” - when he connected two different metals in series in a frog’s leg, it began to twitch, which was actually caused by the movements of ions. Since we’re leveraging chemical reactions to turn chemical energy into electrical energy, we can also refer to the orange battery as a voltaic battery, just as any other battery where the energy has been stored in the chemicals it contains. In this process, our nails serve as electrodes, and there is a galvanic potential over the battery cell (the orange, in this case) that encourages the electron transfer. The circuit needs to be completed by allowing the two nails to be electrically connected through a metal conductor, such as a small light bulb (part of the wow-factor in the school laboratory). The citric acid electrochemically reacts with the two metal nails, which need to be of different metals to both release and gain electrons. A citrus fruit, oranges contain citric acid that, together with other ions, serves as an electrolyte.
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It’s obviously not magic that enables orange batteries to generate electricity - it’s electrochemistry. The geometry of a battery made of an orange.
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What if we now used simulation tools to demonstrate how an orange battery works, and then use that as an intro to electrochemistry modeling? Did your chemistry teacher use an orange or lemon to demonstrate the concept of a battery, back in the day? You might remember how she magically produced electricity by sticking a couple of metal nails into the citrus fruit, as the whole class watched in awe.